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I initially install dd-wrt on the Asus RT-AC68U Router (the instructions for that are here) and I actually really liked it. But I remember that the performance of the AsusWRT firmware is supposed to be better.

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3. Dd Wrt Mac Clone
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7. Dd Wrt Forced Redirection

DD-WRT Speed Test

I recently got a fiber connection for my WAN and I wanted to see what speed I can reach. Plugging my laptop directly into the Modem, I saw the following:

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That’s really good. Then plugging my laptop through the Router, I saw the following:

And here are the results with wifi:

It wasn’t as good. So I decided to try out AsusWRT

Create a backup of DD-WRT

Before completing wiping my router, I decided to create a backup. First go to the admin UI and export the config. Administration -> Backup and select Backup:

It will download a file called nvrambak.bin for the backup. I also grabbed the contents of the /jffs and /opt directories since I had a USB drive plugged in. First install a better version of tar (after ssh‘ing into the router):

And then create a tar archive:

Then scp that backup to another machine:

That should get your covered.

Installing AsusWRT

First get the latest stock firmare from the Asus Site. For the Asus RT-AC68U Router I found it here. I downloaded the latest version and ended up with the following file:

If you extract the zip you see the trx file:

Put the Router into Recovery Mode

From the Router’s Manual pdf:

To launch the rescue mode and use the Firmware Restoration utility:

1. Unplug the wireless router from the power source.
2. Hold the Reset button at the rear panel and simultaneously replug the wireless router into the power source. Release the Reset button when the Power LED at the front panel flashes slowly, which indicates that the wireless router is in the rescue mode.

Resetting the Router to Factory Settings (Optional)

I noticed there are two procedures, from the Router’s Manual pdf:

Reset button

This button resets or restores the system to its factory default settings.

If things get really bad you can use the following instructions which I found at the asuswrt-merlin FAQ page:

Q: How do I put the router into Recovery Mode?

A: Turn the router off. Press the reset button, and while keeping it pressed turn it back on. Wait a few seconds until the power led blinks, and then release the reset button. Router will now be in Recovery Mode, reachable at 192.168.1.1.

Q: How do I wipe my settings?

A: Press the reset button for more than 5 seconds, then release it.

Q: How do I wipe my settings? Reset button does not work.

A: If the firmware fails to boot, then the reset button won’t work. Turn the router off, press the WPS button. While keeping it pressed turn the router back on. Wait a few seconds, then release the WPS button. Settings will be back to factory defaults.

Installing the Stock ASUS Firmware

After the router is in the Recovery/Rescue mode, install the Firmware Restoration Utility and launch it. I was using a Mac, and I actually found it in the App Store:

Then I configured my IP to be on the same network as the router (192.168.1.X/24) and I uploaded the trx file to the utility:

And then after you click Upload, it will start the upload:

If all is well it will finish the upload and ask you to reboot your router. Then you can visit http://192.168.1.1 to finish the configuration.

AsusWRT Speed Test

After I installed and configured AsusWRT, I decided to run another speed test and here is what I saw:

That’s a little bit better :) Here is the version I was on:

Installing AsusWRT Merlin Firmware

While I as at it, I decided to install the Merlin Firmware since it’s pretty much the same as AsusWRT with just a couple of more options. First I went to this page and downloaded the latest firmware. I ended up with the following file:

After extracting it, I just grabbed the trx file:

So from the AsusWRT Admin UI, I went to Administration -> Firmware Upgrade and uploaded the new trx file and clicked Upload:

After the update was done, here is the version I was on:

AsusWRT Merlin Speed Test

After upgrading the stock Asus Firmware to the Merlin Firmware here were the results of the speed test:

Very similar results and I get cool features, like SNMP and traffic stats saved to a usb disk (full list is available here). I also ran a test with wi-fi and it was pretty much the same accross both versions of AsusWRT:

VLAN Config

One thing that I missed from DD-WRT is the ease of the setup for VLANs, but luckily it’s still possible with the command line. This forum talks about the setup. Basically we can use the robocfg command to configure VLANs. Here is the default output from that command (before I made any changes):

When I was initially testing, I ran the following to get what I needed:

But when I tried to add to a script it would freeze my router, eventually I realized that after enabling a couple of options the default config changed to have the vlan 1 port to have 8t instead of 5t (which makes sense, since that applies to a 1GB interfaces, more on that here). So I ended up with the following script on the router which worked for me (and survived a reboot):

Firewall Setup with FWBuilder

I wanted to use my existing setup as described in here and here. The iproute2 utility ip is always causing problems. This time around the ip link show <int> or ip link show dev <int> would not work on the router:

But the ip link show command would work:

Luckily ip addr worked fine. So to integrate with fwbuilder I did a couple of things. On the FWBuilder side, I configured it to drop the script under /jffs/scripts/nat-start:

and to run a custom install script (/jffs/firewall/firewall.sh):

The install script removes the ip link show dev references and replaces them with ifconfig which still works and then it runs the script:

And lastly I unchecked the Verify interfaces before loading firewall policy, this got rid of the ip link show commands:

After those changes, I was able to successfully push the firewall of type dd-wrt with jffs without issues.

dnsmasq setup

On my dd-wrt router I also used dnsmasq as a DNS server, it was pretty convinient, but there is no UI for such a setup in AsusWRT so we can configure it via custom configs. There are nice examples of the setup steps at Custom domains with dnsmasq and Enforce Safesearch. In the end I created the following configuration:

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And then I just restarted the dnsmasq service:

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Entware Configuration

Entware is the new version of optware and is available for AsusWRT. The setup is covered here. We basically just run entware-setup.sh and that’s it:

Now I can use opkg to install nice cool packages on the router.

Fixing Auto Logout Issue

After the many changes that I made, I realized I couldn’t make any changes in the admin UI. Any time I would hit Apply, it would just log me out. I ran into this forum and one of the folks mentioned that after changing the default IP, he ran into the issue. So I thought that it’s probably the issue with my vlan3 interface, so I ssh‘ed into the router and down’ed the interface:

And then I was able to make changes without issue in the Admin UI. Also going to the page by IP vs hostname, helped out.

NAT Acceleration

The reason for the amazing speed is because of NAT Acceleration. This website goes over the pros and cons of using NAT Acceleration. First, there are actually a couple of components to it, from that page:

Level 1: CTF (Cut Through Forwarding): Software optimization technique to accelerate NAT traffic.You may need this option if your internet provider is offer you speed above 100 mb /sec. You generally need this option if you want to achieve peak speeds especially for speed above 200 mb/sec.

CTF or Cut-Through Forwarding is achieved by the router starting to send out transmission frames as soon as it receives its destination. However, the router relies on the end device to tell it whether the data is corrupted for resend. This restriction can cause problems with a few common home uses.

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When you have CTF or level 1 NAT Acceleration disabled, the router will “store” the entire frame before sending it out to its destination. This holding period may require more router’s CPU use.

Level 2: Level 1 (CTF) + FA (Flow Accelerator): Hardware NAT acceleration mechanism design for accelerating wired DHCP and Static IP connections.

You will need Flow Accelerator option to fully take advantage of internet provider’s Gigabit service is offered.

Unfortunately some network feature are not supported with NAT Acceleration. Here is a quick list:

• QoS
• Port Forwarding
• IP Traffic Monitoring
• Streaming Services

The Port Forwarding impacted me the most. I noticed that some ports worked and some didn’t, which described some of the behavior other folks saw. But I also noticed that SSL enabled ports (80 vs 443 … and other similart services) worked all the time. So this gave me a chance to SSL enable most of the services. If you end up disabling NAT Acceleration then the VLAN configuration will change from:

to this:

其实修改的也叫BSSID。

我使用的是EA6500v1，老古董，但是无线的客户端设备更老，以至于我没有什么高级需求。
由于版本的问题，原版rom只能看到36, 40, 44, 48 这几个频道的5 GHz网络。以至于很长一段时间都在被MBP的802.11d坑，只能找家没有Country Code或者为US的无线网络连一下，等MBP的Country Code匹配上，才能连上5 GHz网络。
由于各个国家、地区无线通信管制规则不同，可用于无线局域网，或者说WLAN/Wi-Fi，的频道可以参考Wikipedia的页面：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels

刷上了DD-WRT之后，终于把5G频段释放出来了。但是这回发现Mac的无线网络诊断工具扫不出这个的5 GHz频道，虽然能连上，但是频道带宽也始终只有20 MHz。带宽的问题先放一边，先研究怎么把这个5 GHz的网络让扫描工具扫出来。

上DD-WRT的管理界面看了一下，发现5 GHz和2.4 GHz的无线网络MAC地址，或者叫BSSID，是一样的。于是尝试修改。

之前刚入了一个日版的RT-AC68U，也是锁了5 GHz的频道，刷了DD-WRT，改了CFE，刷回Merlin，再刷回官方固件，成功释放出所有的5G频道。
中间的细节有几个可以共享：
1 官方的rom可以开SSH，可以直接把CFE读出来，但是没有mtd命令，没法回写，所以只能刷DD-WRT。
2 DD-WRT的角色扮演完成后，我试图直接从DD-WRT刷回官方固件，失败，只能曲线救国走了Merlin。
3 刷了Merlin之后，应该是NVRAM没清空，导致刷回官方固件时，路由系统无线网络管理功能错乱，只看到5 GHz的网络，但是相应的管理功能却是2.4G的。清空NVRAM就好了。

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回到EA6500。
最简单的思路，也可能是最直接的，就是直接改nvram，保存，重启路由。先看配置：

gpio的命令是为了把路由灯点亮。

第三招，改Boot Loader，没试，不打算搞了。

Dd Wrt Forced Redirection

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